A Simulated Research Study Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

A Simulated Study - Research Paper Example This information is bunched month to month, giving 60 informational collections. The investigation will decide the expressive insights for the two arrangements of offer information, decide the connection and relapse between the information and utilize a t-test to test for criticalness. At last, the paper will clarify the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for the two arrangements of information. The initial segment of the paper will introduce a prologue to the two organizations and give an outline of the factual procedures to be utilized. The paper will at that point give a clarification to the techniques utilized in gathering the information, after which the strategy for the paper is clarified. The paper will at that point present the aftereffects of the investigation, trailed by an examination of every measurement in the outline yields introduced in the paper. Chapter by chapter list Name I Abstract ii Table of Contents 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Data Collection 3 Data Analysis 4 Res ults 5 Descriptive Statistics 5 Correlation 6 Regression 6 T-test 7 ANOVA 7 Discussion 8 Introduction The soda pops industry is an industry that has the greatest serious nearness in the worldwide business. Right now, the business is ruled by two fundamental players; The Coca Cola Company and Pepsi Company Limited. These two organizations work in the worldwide market, and are known to be the greatest organizations in the soda pops showcase. ... The examination of the two companies’ share costs will likewise help in deciding the connection between the offer costs of the two organizations, regardless of whether the adjustment in share costs for the two organizations are in any capacity related. For this situation, a lot of clear insights will be utilized to decide if either organization is better than the other. This examination will likewise decide the relationship between's the activities of the two organizations, the relapse between their offer costs, a t-test to test for autonomy and an investigation of change (ANOVA). These tests will help in deciding the connection between the offer costs of the two organizations and the exhibition of each organization comparable to the next. Since the two organizations are contenders, it is normal that one organization performs superior to the next organization, yet that their costs be decidedly corresponded since they work in a similar industry, so are generally influenced by s imilar components. Strategy Data Collection As effectively expressed, the organization will be finished utilizing share costs for Coca Cola and PepsiCo throughout the previous five years of tasks. The information for this mimicked research study will be gathered from Yahoo! Fund, where the date gathered will be month to month information from 2007 to 2012. The information will be gathered from May 1, 2007 to May 1, 2012, which gives 61 informational collections for each organization. The utilization of 61 information focuses is never really momentary impacts of market exchange factors like sudden occasions in the money related times of each organization. The information gathered for each organization is shown in the accompanying table: Date Coke Pepsi Date Coke Pepsi 5/1/2007 50.32 59.25 11/2/2009 45.32 57.67 6/1/2007 45.72 56.54 12/1/2009 51.71 56.75 7/2/2007 47.36

Immigration and Discrimination :: Race Racism Prejudice

     During the late 1800’s and into the 1900’s numerous individuals moved to the United States from Europe and Asia in anticipation of discovering thriving, and a superior life than the one they were driving in their old homes. Another explanation was the abrupt industrialization of Europe. (The change from little, agribusiness based social orders to assembling economies was so fast and clearing that it got known as the Industrial Revolution.) With such a lot of happening so rapidly numerous individuals chose to come to America, yet when they showed up here they didn’t get what they anticipated. In excess of 12 million individuals moved through Ellis Island somewhere in the range of 1892 and 1924, the pinnacle long periods of the port. They came to America wanting to discover the â€Å"promise land† however from their excursion till when they originally showed up in America wasn’t so encouraging. Almost the entirety of the migrants confronted an awful outing to the U.S, for example, sitting in steerage, not accepting a great deal of food or legitimate clinical consideration, and being packed together in an extremely little zone. Alongside the awful conditions, the migrants likewise confronted numerous partialities and hardships as they showed up.      Upon showing up in Ellis Island, the outsiders were given a physical assessment to see whether they were fit to live in the United States. In 1891, Congress made the INS, or Immigration and Naturalization Service to manage government laws managing affirmation, prohibition, and extradition of outsiders. The greater part of outsiders, paying little mind to ethnicity, were exposed to segregation. They were not given indistinguishable open doors from local conceived Americans regardless of whether they were similarly equipped for specific employments.      Ellis Island however, wasn’t almost as awful as its partner on the west coast, Angel Island. For the most part on Ellis Island, settlers were handled inside hours or days, yet on Angel Island it took weeks or even months. It before long transformed into a confinement community and due to its vicinity towards Asia it comprised for the most part of Asians, prevalently of Chinese drop.  â â â â Numerous laws and acts were ignored the course of quite a while when the foreigners began sifting in increasingly more so as to restrain the measure of individuals that originated from different nations. Quantities were set for the quantity of individuals going to the U.S. from a specific nation and a portion was set for the absolute number of individuals that entered America. Individuals were frightened for their employments and didn’t need additional individuals here to assume control over the land. Migration and Discrimination :: Race Racism Prejudice      During the late 1800’s and into the 1900’s numerous individuals moved to the United States from Europe and Asia in anticipation of discovering flourishing, and a superior life than the one they were driving in their old homes. Another explanation was the abrupt industrialization of Europe. (The change from little, horticulture based social orders to assembling economies was so fast and clearing that it got known as the Industrial Revolution.) With such a lot of happening so rapidly numerous individuals chose to come to America, yet when they showed up here they didn’t get what they anticipated. In excess of 12 million individuals moved through Ellis Island somewhere in the range of 1892 and 1924, the pinnacle long stretches of the port. They came to America wanting to discover the â€Å"promise land† however from their excursion till when they initially showed up in America wasn’t so encouraging. Almost the entirety of the foreigners confronted a horrendous outing to the U.S, for example, sitting in steerage, not getting a ton of food or legitimate clinical consideration, and being packed together in an exceptionally little territory. Alongside the terrible conditions, the foreigners additionally confronted numerous preferences and hardships as they showed up.      Upon showing up in Ellis Island, the foreigners were given a physical assessment to see whether they were fit to live in the United States. In 1891, Congress made the INS, or Immigration and Naturalization Service to control government laws managing affirmation, avoidance, and expelling of outsiders. The mind dominant part of workers, paying little heed to ethnicity, were exposed to segregation. They were not given indistinguishable open doors from local conceived Americans regardless of whether they were similarly equipped for specific employments.      Ellis Island however, wasn’t about as terrible as its partner on the west coast, Angel Island. By and large on Ellis Island, outsiders were handled inside hours or days, yet on Angel Island it took weeks or even months. It before long transformed into a detainment place and in view of its vicinity towards Asia it comprised for the most part of Asians, overwhelmingly of Chinese plummet.  â â â â Numerous laws and acts were disregarded the course of quite a while when the migrants began separating in increasingly more so as to confine the measure of individuals that originated from different nations. Shares were set for the quantity of individuals going to the U.S. from a specific nation and an amount was set for the complete number of individuals that entered America. Individuals were frightened for their occupations and didn’t need additional individuals here to assume control over the land.

Allegiance

Allegiance 1. Labels The number of double takes and comments I’ve gotten this month in response to my choice of dorm has been astounding: “What does your room look like? Does all the furniture in your room hang from the ceiling?” “Are you this quiet all the time? You must be crazier in everyday life. Are you hiding something from us?” “I hear it’s really dirty…but I mean, I bet you live in one of the cleaner parts.” I imagine a big label being added next to my nameâ€"from East Campus. May show up to work with green hair. May enjoy setting things on fire in free time. May affix furniture to ceiling when bored.1 I’m a pretty vanilla EC resident. My lifestyle doesn’t take advantage of the perks of living in ECâ€"I don’t spend a lot of time building roller coasters, customizing my room, being naked in public, or playing with cats. It’s a very special place and the culture is great and everything, but I live there because I ended up hanging out there a lot during CPW and REX, most likely because I had friends who lived there already. I’m happy enough there and I like many of the residents. These reasons are, I imagine, pretty much the same as anyone else’sto me, EC is a home, not a social statement. Like my internship: it is a job, not a social statement. Among my friends at MIT, announcements of ones decision to work in finance are shrouded in the pretense of “it’ll be an interesting thing to try for a month, but I don’t expect to like it”â€"because people Like Us don’t actually pursue careers at big banks, which, you know, overflow with moneyed people who judge you based on what you wear to the interview. If I mention that I am Course 14, I’ll often clarify that I like theoretical stuff, I like behavioral stuff, I like the kind of economics that takes place in third-world countries and not in banksanything that doesn’t have to do with money, because God forbid anyone should ever actually contemplate making a profit. So I’m hesitant to tell people where I’m working right now, because the reactions are like, “I see; you’re a yuppie now. Should’ve seen this one coming,” or worse, “Oh my god, are you a banker now? Are you just going to sell out like that? What are your hours? Can I even trust you anymore? (Absolutely not. I am going to sell all your stuff when your back is turned.) Are you a Sloanie2 now? What about Bernie Sanders?!” The adults who populate universities have already made the choice to eschew finance and corporate jobs in favor of teaching and research, so I’ve wondered if even my research mentors are judging meâ€"I told my research supervisor where I would be over IAP, and she immediately asked not what I would be doing but how much I would be making. I’ve been on the other endâ€"I’m weirdly allergic to the idea of my friends going into finance, and the word comes with many negative associations that I have to work hard to reason past. I use the phrase “sell out” a lot, mostly when talking about myself. I really, really didnt want to like my job. And I’m surprised that I now like my workplace and might seriously want to return for the summer.3 To address some stereotypes: “finance” can mean many different things. Especially in a large bank, hours and work vary greatly across divisions and desks. I’m at a desk with relatively reasonable hours (8:45 â€" 7:30?) because we focus on constructing longer-term portfolios, don’t execute trades (i.e. don’t need to be in super early, don’t need to be on our toes following the markets), and, as I understand, spend a lot of time building tools for others to use. On a day-to-day basis, we mostly code quietly.4 2. Swallowing my pride Last week, I told my momâ€"who works in quantitative trading, one flavor of financeâ€"that I didn’t like my work environment, and she basically said, “suck it up, intern.” This is the tough-love way of saying, Youve only been there a week; youll get used to it, and it will get better, which was, as it turns out, what I needed to hear. It takes time to get used to the reward system of my workplace because it’s so different from the one in school. You are judged based on your record of performance. If you are used to being praised for your talent in theoretical, abstract fields, tough luck, because none of that directly influences performance. If you are new, tough luck, because you have no record of anything. I hang out with a lot of mathematicians and theoretical physicists who have incredibly powerful minds and little patience for illogical stuff that is learned by rote. I share their impatience; I don’t dedicate much time to learning materialâ€"like corporate financeâ€"that is theoretically easy to learn. But at the end of the day, I’m less knowledgeable than someone who put in the hours, even if I have all this extra theoretical knowledge and this big brain to boot. Soâ€"note to self and people “like me” at the lower rungs of a large bank: Learn to swallow your pride. Yes, you might be more capable of solving difficult problems than, say, your manager, and financial literacy is easier to pick up than abstract algebra, but you still need to invest the effort of learning it. Its easy to fall into the trap of thinking most of these peoples minds arent as sharp as mine, but hard work, opportunism, and results trump all else. While chatting with a MIT graduate who is now in the top rungs of the hierarchy, I asked, “Do you regret not doing anything when you were at MIT?” And he said: now that he has faith in his own abilities, he would have taken 18.701 and the advanced economics courses: 14.04, 14.05, 14.06. I took 18.701 and 14.04 this semester, yet Im certainly not doing better than him. I think I would like to be somewhere that rewards me for the abstract thinking I learned in courses like these. Bonus points if my job allows me to write in a format that’s not just code or business emails. Also, I (and probably most of the workforce) function best when my emotions are engaged in alignment with what I need to accomplish; I am going to seek out work that feels like a better cause.5 I’m currently moving more and more in the direction of grad school/research. And yeahâ€"I do fear that the true, real, deep, unspeakable reason I don’t want to work in (most divisions of) a big bank is that I’m too soft and lazy. Im a millennial who wants to be valued “as a person” and am not disciplined enough to deal with long hours and bureaucracy. But alas, we’ll never know. Anyway, it’s been fun, but I think I’m done. Part of me wants to stay and prove myself and my ability to work my ass off and be entrepreneurial and get ahead, but first I need to go back to MIT and take 14.05. Footnotes 1 I could be wrong about them judging me. It just feels that way. Also, for the unacquainted, these are stereotypes associated with the dorm East Campus and, more generally, the dorms on the east side of MITs campus, which have, I guess, relaxed social conventions and dorm rules. 2 SloanieMIT business student or undergrad who behaves like a business student, oft. mocking or derogatory. A relevant Quora answer. 3 But in the research division, so it’s okay, right?!! I think itd be better in the summer because Id know more people in the city/the intern program would be long enough to make lasting connections/it wouldnt be too cold to go outside. I don’t superficially have a lot in common with the people I’ve met, which makes small talk awkward (and networking events excruciating). So it’d be hard for me to make good friends from the job alone: work moves quickly, and there’s not much time to get to know someone beyond the labels they wear in order to signal what type of person they are. (Its not really a place where people go to make friends, though, which is a shamethe employees spend so many hours together. But I guess this is also a millennial thing, the idea that workplace should be friendly.) 4 In addition, everyone around me (and, from what I’ve heard, around the firm) is extraordinarily hardworking and resourceful. This month was almost like a boot camp, and in that light I think the externship was a very worthwhile experience. It is refreshing being around people who are all very socially savvy (or think they are), but you’re constantly left wondering, “Do you actually care about me or did you just read the book How to Win Friends and Influence People?” It feels like high school all over again: who’s fake, who’s doing it just for college admissions, who’s for real, and does it even matter? I can play that game, but I’d rather not. 5 I was going to say, I want a creative job, but I also thought, lol, i sound like such a millennial, its insane, so this thought has been relegated to the footnotes section.

The Rise Of Christianity Essay - 1320 Words

The rise of Christianity in philosophy One influential cult was based upon a mystical interpretation of Plato. Neo-Platonism was like a rational science that attempted to break down and describe every aspect of the divine essence and its relationship with the human soul. An Alexandrian Jew named Philo tried using Greek philosophy to interpret the Jewish scriptures. He wanted to unite the two traditions by suggesting that the Greek philosophers had been inspired by the same God who had revealed himself to the Jews. But only Christianity had the right combination of ingredients to appeal to both the masses and also eventually the ruling elite. Based on ancient scriptures, with a solid creation myth, its own collection of inspired†¦show more content†¦Augustines writings became sacred in their own way. His books still form the backbone of Catholic philosophy today. He died during the barbarian invasions around the year 430. Augustine wrote ... When the question is asked, what we are to believe in regard to religion, it is not necessary to probe into the nature of things, as was done by the Greek scientists. We need not be alarmed should the Christian not know the number of elements; the motion of the heavenly bodies; the shape of the cosmos; the species of animals and plants; the nature of stones, rivers, and mountains; about time and distance; the signs of coming storms; or about a thousand other things which these scientists have either found out, or think they have found out. However, the rediscovery of Aristotle and other ancient philosophers had a profound effect on European thought. This caused the Catholic Church to become deeply concerned. Those whose ideas strayed too far from Christianity were accused of heresy. Scholars tried to defend themselves by arguing that there was no contradiction between philosophical reasoning and religious faith. The most influential scholar of the time was an Italian monk who became known as Saint Thomas Aquinas. His writings helped to ease the growing conflict between faith and reason. Aquinas believed that although observation and rational thinkingShow MoreRelatedChristianity : The Rise Of Christianity1512 Words   |  7 PagesBefore the rise of Christianity as a major religion in the European area, Paganism was a belief that was common among all people across Europe. Paganism involved polytheistic beliefs with ritualistic tradition and animal sacrifice. This belief was common in the Anglo-Saxon tradition, which is from where the epic poem Beowulf is thought to have originated circa 550 AD. Due to the origins of Beowulf being surrounded by Pagan tradition and culture and reliance on the method of oral recitation of theRead MoreRise Of Christianity : Christianity1456 Words   |  6 PagesRise of Christianity Essay Christianity is one of the largest religions in the world. With 2.2 billion adherents, it ranks above Islam, Atheists, and Hinduism. So why is this religion so well known? How did it get where it is today? Where did it start? It started with Jesus of Nazareth who was born in Bethlehem, the Messiah to the Jewish people, and crucified by the Romans. His life, works, death, and resurrection is what started Christianity. But that wasn’t the end of it. Christians would faceRead MoreChristianity And The Rise Of Christianity Essay1468 Words   |  6 Pages Christianity in the 21st century is the largest religion in the world and has over two billion followers. Christians classify themselves under 34,000 different denominations. This popular religion is all about the life, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. When a religion is born so is a holy book to remember it by. The bible is considered the word of God and is known for its infamous stories and sayings. The Bible contains rules and righteous acts to live by. Many question as to how ChristianityRead MoreChristianity And The Rise Of Christianity1395 Words   |  6 PagesChristianity is the historical religion stemming from the teachings of Jesus Christ in the 1st century AD. â€Å"Of all the great religions Christianity is the most widespread and has the largest number of adherents.† It is the world’s largest and most influential religion in history. Christianity can be found on every corner of the globe with nearly two billion followers at the beginning of the 21s t century. It is the predominant religion in Europe, the Americas, and Southern Africa. This religion basedRead MoreThe Rise Of Christianity And Christianity1816 Words   |  8 PagesChristianity began its succession into the most dominant worldwide religion after Jesus’ crucifixion and resurrection. â€Å"We heard Him say, ‘I will destroy this temple made with hands, and within three days build another made without hands.† Upon Jesus’ death and resurrection, he completed this task setting forth the development of Christianity. Since Jesus left no formal authoritative power, organization, or agreed upon scriptures, a wide variety of sects gained popularity in the development of ChristianityRead MoreThe Rise of Christianity vs. the Rise of Islam740 Words   |  3 PagesThe Rise of Christianity vs. the Rise of Islam The rise of Christianity and Islam happened during a turbulent time in history, when major civilizations like the Roman Empire and the Persian Empire were in decline due to political infighting, disease, and outside barbarians constantly applying pressure. Christianity was adopted in the heart of the Roman Empire, as a way to continue the influence of Rome, while not being able to control all of Europe militarily. (Rise of Christianity, 2012) ThereforeRead MoreThe Rise And The Spread Of Christianity Essay1154 Words   |  5 PagesThe rise and the spread of Christianity   The Christianity thought to have been rise at the time when Jesus began to predicate his lessons to his followers in Judea and Galilee round the year 30 A.D. Then, it was spreaded through the Hellenistic world including all Greek speaking cities administrated from the Roman Empire.   The   key figure of Christianity is Jesus, about him we learned only in the Paul`s letters, one of his followers lived during the 50`s – 60`s A.D.   Jesus born round 4 B.C.E in NazarethRead MoreEssay The Rise of Christianity Analysis944 Words   |  4 Pages Why has Christianity grown so fast and how it’s spread through so many different counties. From what I have gathered from the readings I think some of the major events that happened was the temples getting destroyed over and over until they finally just kind of gave up. Also, how they stayed with other people no matter poor rich hungry cold, they even stayed and help people when the plague was there. That was when the religion really started to spread, due to people seeing more Christians surviveRead MoreThe Contributions Of Paul On The Rise Of Christianity750 Words   |  3 PagesCharles Ellis HUM 1101 June 8, 2015 Chapter 4 Discussion Explain the contributions of Paul to the rise of Christianity. Paul of Tarsus is the most essential figure in early Christianity. His transformation to Christianity opened doors for the religion. Paul s associations, political aptitudes, and Roman citizenship gave opportunities other Christian pioneers needed. Paul s work made Christianity open for the masses and expanded its range past the Holy Land (Fiero 98). Paul was a Roman citizenRead MoreThe Rise Of Christianity By Don Nardo1737 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Nicene Creed unified the beliefs of Christianity? The investigation will attempt to answer this question as best as possible. The focused time period will be from 313 AD to 325 AD. This is because practicing Christianity was made legal in Rome in 313 AD and the Nicene Creed was created and made the official statement of Christian beliefs in 325 AD. Also the investigation will focus mainly on events taken place in Rome. Unity, or lack thereof, in Christianity, events before and after the creation

Chronic Absenteeism Related to Drop-out Rates

While most educators, students, and parents  think of September as back-to-school month, that same  month recently has been given another important education designation. Attendance Works, a national initiative that is  dedicated to improving the policy, practice and research around school attendance has named September as National Attendance Awareness Month. Student absences are at crisis levels. A September 2016 report Preventing Missed Opportunity: Taking Collective Action to Confront Chronic Absence using data provided by the  U.S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights (OCR) reveals that: the  promise of an equal opportunity to learn is being broken for far too many children... More than 6.5 million students, or about 13 percent, miss three or more weeks of school, which is enough time to erode their achievement and threaten their chance of graduating.  Nine out of 10 U.S. school districts experience some level of chronic absenteeism among students. To counter this problem,  Attendance Works,  a fiscally-sponsored project of the Child and Family Policy Center non-profit organization, is working as a  national and state initiative that  promotes better policy and practice around school attendance. According to the organizations  website, We [Attendance Works]  promote tracking chronic absence data for each student beginning in kindergarten, or ideally earlier, and partnering with families and community agencies to intervene when poor attendance is a problem for students or schools. Attendance is a critically important factor in education, from developing national funding formulas  to predicting graduation outcomes.  Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), which guides federal investments in elementary and secondary education for states, has chronic absenteeism as  reporting element.   At every grade level, in every school district, across the nation,  educators know first hand that too many absences can  disrupt  a students learning and the learning of others. Research on Attendance A student is considered chronically absent if they miss only  two days of school per month  (18 days in a year), whether the absences are excused or unexcused.  Research shows that by  middle and high school, chronic absence is a leading warning sign that a student will drop out. This research from the National Center on Educational Statistics noted that differences  in absentee rates and projections for graduation  were observed as early as kindergarten.  Those students who eventually dropped out of high school had missed significantly more days of school in first grade than their peers who later graduated from high school. Moreover, in a study by E.  Allensworth  and J. Q. Easton, (2005) called  The On-Track Indicator as a Predictor of High School Graduation: In eighth grade, this [attendance]  pattern was even more apparent and, by ninth grade, attendance was shown to be a key indicator significantly correlated with high school graduation (Allenworth/Easton). Their study  found attendance and studying more predictive of dropout than test scores or other student characteristics. In fact, 9th grade attendance was a better predictor of [student] dropout than 8th grade test scores. Steps can be taken at the upper-grade levels, grades 7 through 12, and  Attendance Works offers  several suggestions to counter attitudes that prevent students from attending school. These suggestions include: Incentives/rewards/recognition provided  for good attendance;Personal calls (to home, to students) as reminders;  Adult mentors and after  school leaders trained to reinforce the importance of attendance;Curriculum that features engaging, team-based activities that students do not want to miss;  Ã‚  Academic support provided to students who are struggling;  Efforts to make  school a place of success rather than a negative experience;Engaging community partners, such as health providers and criminal justice agencies. National Assessment for Educational Progress (NAEP) Test Data A state-by-state analysis of NAEP  testing data shows that students who miss more school than their peers score lower on the NAEP tests in grades 4 and 8. These lower scores were found to be consistently true in every racial and ethnic group and in every state and city examined. In many cases,  the students with more absences have skill levels one to two years below their peers. In addition: While students from low-income families are more likely to be chronically absent, the ill effects of missing too much school hold true for all socio-economic groups. Grade 4 test data,  absentee students scored an average 12 points lower on the reading assessment than those with no absences, more than a full grade level on the NAEP achievement scale. Supporting the theory that academic loss is cumulative,  Grade 8  absentee students scored an average 18 points lower on the math assessment.   Mobile Apps Connect  to Parents and Other Stakeholders Communication is one-way educators can work to reduce student absenteeism. There are a growing number of mobile  apps educators can use to connect educators with students and parents. These software platforms share daily classroom activities (example:  Collaborize Classroom, Google Classroom,  Edmodo). Many of these platforms allow parents and authorized stakeholders to see short and long term  assignments and individual student work. Other mobile messaging apps (Remind,  Bloomz,  Classpager,  Class Dojo,  Parent Square)  are great resources  to increase regular communication between a students  home and school.  Ã‚  These messaging platforms can  allow teachers to emphasize  attendance from day one. These mobile apps can be tailored to providing student updates on individual attendance or used to sharing data about the importance of attendance in order to promote  a culture of attendance all year long. Conferences:  Traditional Connections to Parents and Other Stakeholders There are also more traditional methods to share the importance  of regular attendance with all stakeholders. At the beginning of the school year, teachers can leverage the time during a  parent-teacher conference to talk about attendance if there are already signs or a pattern to a student missing school. Mid-year conferences or conference requests can be helpful in making face-to-face connections that   Teachers  can take the opportunity to make suggestions to parents or guardians that  older students need routines for  homework and  sleep. Cell phones, video games, and computers should not be part of a bedtime routine. Too tired to go to school should not be an excuse. Teachers and school administrators  should also  encourage families to  avoid extended vacations during the school year and to try to line up vacations with the school’s schedule of days off or holidays. Finally, teachers and school administrators  should remind parents and guardians of the academic importance of planning doctor and dentist appointments during  after school hours. Announcements regarding a schools attendance policy should be made at the beginning of the school year and repeated regularly throughout the school year.   Newsletters, Flyers, Posters, and Websites The school website should promote daily attendance. Updates on daily school attendance should be displayed on the home pages of every school. The high visibility of this information will help to reinforce the importance of school attendance. Information about the negative impact of absenteeism and the positive role daily attendance has on academic achievement can be placed in newsletters, on posters and circulated on flyers. Placement of these flyers and posters are not limited to the school property. Chronic absenteeism is a community problem, particularly at the upper-grade levels, as well. A coordinated effort to share information about academic damage caused by chronic absenteeism should be shared throughout the local community. Business and political leaders in the community should receive regular updates on how well students are meeting the goal of improving daily attendance. Additional information should feature the  importance of attending  school as a students most important job. Anecdotal information such as the facts listed on this flyer for high school parents or  listed below can be promoted in schools and throughout the community: Missing one or two days a month can add up to nearly 10 percent of the school year.  Students who attend school set up the routines for future employment and showing up for work on time every day.Students who attend school regularly are more likely to graduate and find good jobs. High school  graduates make, on average, a million dollars more than a dropout over a lifetime.School only gets harder when students  stay home.  Too many absent students can affect the whole classroom, creating redundant instruction and slowing down other students. Conclusion Students who miss school, whether the absences are  sporadic or on consecutive days of school, miss academic time in their classrooms that cannot be made up. While some absences are unavoidable, it is critically important to have students in school for learning. Their academic success depends on daily attendance at every grade level.

Wild Fowl Trust Free Essays

Trust stayed around for approximately 2 years, nested and bred in the trust’s environment before flying off eventually with their fledged young. Many injured birds are brought to the trust. They have had some successes, working with vets with this particular expertise and with the wild life orphanage and rehabilitation centre. We will write a custom essay sample on Wild Fowl Trust or any similar topic only for you Order Now The success stories include a Masked/ Blue Booby, Ospreys, a Brown Pelican, a Gray Hawk, Gallinule, Jacana’s, Song Birds, Psittacosis and different Owl species. Fun Facts: Scarlet Ibis birds are born brown in color but get their red color from rotten in crabs. They also eat shrimp and fish. You can tell the difference between a black billed tree duck by color of their beaks. Adults have bright orange beaks. Blue and Gold Macaws have one mate their entire lives and when that mate dies they don’t find another. You can’t tell the difference between male and female Blue and Gold Macaws unless you take blood samples from them and test it. In situ conservation is on site conservation of genetic resources in natural populations of plants or animal species, such as forest genetic in natural populations of tree species. It is the process of protecting an endangered plant or animal species in its natural, either by protecting or cleaning up the habitat itself, or by defending the species from predators. The Wild Fowl Trust is an example of in situ conservation. One benefit of in situ conservation is that it maintains recovering populations in the surrounding where they have developed their distinctive properties. Another is that this strategy helps ensure the on-going processes of evolution and adaptation within their environments. Wetlands play a vital role in the cycling of water on the planet. Water evaporated from the seas or transpired from plants returns as rainfall filling both upland and lowland wetlands. Wetland systems, and their forested counterparts, slowly release their waters either to the atmosphere or to the sea, playing a major role in governing world climate. With the flow of water arrives a steady input of nutrients from the surrounding land – the organic silts and sediments settle and, warmed by the sun, provide ideal conditions for the growth of microscopic plants and animals – the base of aquatic food chains. Fact: A well established marsh is estimated to be up to 50 times more productive than grassland and about 8 times as productive as cultivated land. The Water Hyacinth (Chorine specious) – Pointed-a-Pierre Wildfowl Trust:This important plant is used as a food source at the Trust. Leaves, insects and crustaceans in the roots are eaten by waterfowl. A water purifier, this plant also absorbs large amounts of dangerous pollutants (including mercury and lead) from the water and helps keep any water area clean. Prolific, 10 plants can reproduce to cover an acre of water in 8 months. How to cite Wild Fowl Trust, Papers

Describe a place where you feel completely content free essay sample

Virgos are meant to be earth signs. Ive read it on every quasi astrological website, every monthly horoscope: Im supposed to feel some connection to the dirt beneath my feet. Maybe because Im named after the moon or, maybe because I was raised in a massive city where the celestial bond between me and the earth was interrupted by slabs of concrete, Ive never felt it. Even when surrounded by forests as I am here, I feel at times awkward on my feet, as though gravity doesnt quite pull me towards the same molten center. As a child I tripped over cracks in the side walk and ran into imaginary friends and sometimes into very not imaginary bus stops which left bruises on my forehead and scars on my knees. I was awkward on the ground, stumbling and dragging my feet until my mother would shout at me to pick them up. We will write a custom essay sample on Describe a place where you feel completely content or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But suspended, hanging from the too thin branches of under watered trees in Prospect park, I felt at peace. As though the disconnect between myself and the earthy crust could be solved by only a little distance. The freedom that I felt as my legs dangled over branches or monkey bars or occasionally the lights of a crosswalk was unparalleled. Wind flittered between the curls on my head and passed over my swinging ankles, materializing itself like a blanket on my tiny limbs. As a young girl I fell in love with heights, and from this vantage point I fell in love with the world. Heights, the spaces between gravity and flight have offered me peace, understanding and a point for observation from the time I first climbed a tree. This place of peace has developed and changed shapes throughout my life. As a young child it was the skinny trunks and low branches of the trees lining Henry street, in elementary school it was the monkey bar my mother suspended from from the rafters in our living room, on which I would perch myself and watch the day progress, memorizing the smell of arroz con pollo from the kitchen and watching my mothers face in her moments of rest. In high school I found peace in the form of the catwalk, an intricate maze of iron hanging above the school theater. From the catwalk, hidden in the dust and the darkness, I feel the eternal weight of the world melt from my shoulders, as though my troubles were afraid of heights and simply could not follow me up the narrow winding staircase or dangle their legs thirty feet above the ground. From up there I can observe, unweighted by arbitrary worries or thoughts, listen to the gossip just outside and dissect the vocal patterns and intonation of the speaker. I watch people passing beneath me, squirming in their seats or braiding each others hair, I watch for the subtle furrow of the brow or gnawing of the nail: I sit high up and search for detail that is ignored down below, perhaps swallowed up by the earth and i ts worldly tastes. Here, in the catwalk, in the trees, on a plane, I find comfort. I find myself to be most true in this space in between the earth and the heavens, in between observing and participating, being just enough to be and to see all at once. From heights I find the world in unbiased, unperturbed beauty.

Gathering Of Old Men Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Gathering Of Old Men Essay, Research Paper In A Gathering of Old Men, by Ernest J. Gaines, racism plays a immense portion of life in the South. When a white adult male is found dead ; his household and friends start to garner to happen the adult male who did this. After clip these work forces start to imbibe and do a program to kill the adult male ; who merely happened to be black. This merely shows how even though the Civil was brought freedom to inkinesss, there is still hate towards them because of their tegument colour. After clip the black work forces besides start to garner at Mathu? s house ( the adult male who murdered the white adult male ) and they all bring twelve gauge scattergun. The sheriff arrives and asks who killed that adult male, and all the black work forces say, ? it was me. ? The sheriff so threatens to take them all to prison, but he can non because he does non cognize who the slaying is. We will write a custom essay sample on Gathering Of Old Men Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The sheriff cognizing the racism of the town ; has a deputy base on Mathus pavement to do certain nil happens. As clip goes by and the white work forces are get downing to acquire angry the adult male who? s boy was killed stairss in and says? this can non travel on any longer. ? This shows how afte R clip colour or race does non count to people, and how after clip a adult male is a adult male and a adult female is a adult female. This upsets the remainder of the work forces even more because this shows them how they are non superior to the black work forces any longer. As clip goes on the sheriff is get downing to worry even more ; because he knows the work forces have been imbibing overly. When dark falls the sheriff and his work forces go place, praying that nil will go on. By this clip the white work forces are really intoxicated and want retaliation. To the white work forces? s surprise when they arrive to Mathu? s house they are out numbered at least two to one. The white work forces realize that they are traveling to free one time once more. When the white work forces start to hit this shows how infantile people are when they are non on top of the universe. The white work forces all dice and prevarication dead in the street when the sheriff arrives the following forenoon. Even though six work forces were killed the sheriff does non make anything because he knows the whit work forces were the cause. When the colour of a individual? s tegument or their faith means adequate to people to kill them, it is infantile and this should be put to a halt.

womens suffrage movement in the 1920s

womens suffrage movement in the 1920s HistoryIn 1920, after 72 years of struggle, American women received the right to vote. After the 19th Amendment passed, reformers talked about female voters uniting to clean up politics, improve society, and end discrimination.At first, male politicians moved aggressively to court the women's vote, passing legislation guaranteeing women's right to serve on juries and hold public office. Congress also passed legislation to set up a national system of women's and infant's health care clinics as well as a constitutional amendment prohibiting child labor, a measure supported by many women's groups.But the early momentum quickly dissipated, as the women's movement divided within and faced growing hostility from without. The major issue that split feminists during the 1920s was a proposed Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution outlawing discrimination based on sex. The issue pitted the interests of women professional against those of working class women, many of whom feared that the am endment would prohibit "protective legislation" that stipulated minimum wages and maximum hours for female workers.English: Postage stamp featuring Elizabeth Stanton...The women's movement also faced mounting external opposition. During the Red Scare following World War I, the War Department issued the "Spider Web" chart, which linked feminist groups to foreign radicalism. Many feminist goals went down to defeat in the mid-1920s. Opposition from many southern states and the Catholic Church defeated the proposed constitutional amendment outlawing child labor. The Supreme Court struck down a minimum wage law for women workers, while Congress failed to fund the system of health care clinics.Women did not win new opportunities in the workplace. Although the American work force included eight million women in 1920, more than half were black or foreign-born. Domestic service remained the largest occupation, followed by secretaries, typists, and clerksall low-paying jobs. The American Fede ration of Labor (AFL) remained openly hostile to...

International Finance (Compare between the current rate and The Essay

International Finance (Compare between the current rate and The temporal method) - Essay Example Thus, the use of the current rate method and the temporal method of foreign exchange come into play. This paper looks at the each of the two methods and compares them. The current rate method involves the conversion of foreign currencies, Items on balance sheets and income statements at the exchange rate that is current (Investopedia, 2009), hence the name. On the other hand, the temporal method converts the same based on time (Investopedia, 2009). That is to say, if an item is valued at the market cost then the current market rate is used and if it is valued at historical cost then the historical rate is used to translate the value of said item. Of these two methods, the current rate method is the more popular. This is because unlike the temporal method, which is constantly changing, this method is more static and has only one variable, which is the current exchange rate. Also rather than recording profits and losses associated with the conversion in the net income, it is recorded and presented in a reverse account. This creates simplicity in the interpretation of the earnings. The temporal method combines the two, losses/profits, and net income thus causing the volatility of the earnings expected From the above, there is a clear advantage in the use of the current rate method as it provides more accurate and static results trough separation of net income from the losses and profits compared to the temporal method, which consolidates losses/profits with the net income. Also current rate method depends only on the current exchange rate while the temporal method relays on the current or historical market depending on the nature of the value of the

Utilitarian Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Utilitarian - Case Study Example In utilitarianism, ethical behavior implies acting in the interests of the larger group, even if one must sacrifice one’s own interests to do so, just as Posner did in the film. The welfare of the group matters not the individual. According to Mill, higher pleasures are logical or intellectual while lower pleasures are concerned with the physical needs. The role of pleasure is to provide happiness. Showing compassion for the society helps an individual care for the community in which he or she lives. Compassion is very significant to an individual in that it makes them realize the meaning and purpose of life, which is to be happy. This is because since every person wants to be happy, they will do anything to avoid misery and suffering. Virtues are important because they help human beings to derive pleasure in their actions, have uniformity in the way they act, and act promptly which in turn will result to peaceful co-existence, thus everybody will be happy about the life they live. Posner is following the principle of act utilitarianism in that he desires to die so that he does not cause financial constrain to his family. John Stuart Mill would support this principle because it aims to produce the greatest happiness for the greatest

The Analysis Of I Want A Wife English Literature Essay

The Analysis Of I Want A Wife English Literature Essay The second wave of the feminist movement in the United States began during early 1960s and lasted throughout late 1970s. The purpose of the feminist movement was to have a right to vote and have the same equal rights as male citizens. Judy Bradys essay I Want A Wife first appeared in the Ms. Magazines inaugural issue in 1971. The genre of the article is a classic piece of feminist humor and is depicted as satirical prose. In this essay Brady aims to convince her readers to look objectively at a mans viewpoints and expectations of what he thinks a wife is and what she should be. Brady skillfully uses clear arguments, repetition of key words and stylish language to make her essay strong and convincing. Exigence: Judy Brady writes in her essay about the demands that are required from wife. She emphasizes the point that the roles of wife are unfair to the role of husband, and that there is an obvious difference, inequality, between the roles of husband and wife. Brady writes about this because she is tired of the feeling of inferiority to men and that the work that wife undertakes is overlooked. Brady illustrates her point by listing the numerous tasks that are commonly expected from wife. I want a wife who will have the house clean, keep my clothes clean, ironed, mended, replaced when need be, and who will see to it that my personal things are kept in their proper place so that I can find what I need the minute I need it . After listing all this numerous outrageous tasks, she concludes the article with an emotional statement, My God, who wouldnt want a wife? Audience: Clearly Judy Brady is writing to married men and women. This can be inferred because the article is about expectations of a wife in a marriage. But not only does she write for married couples, she also writes to men and women in general. The fact that person is married or not doesnt matter in this article. The audience is expected to know a little bit about divorce and marriage life. The audience is also presumed at least to have a high school level of reading and basic understanding of words such as adherence, monogamy, and nurturance. She is trying to get out to the public that these expectations and these stereotypes of roles of women, should stop. This goes back to her exigence, which is the unfairness of roles of women. Purpose: Why should people read and act upon her statements? With her arguments, she is trying to say, All women stop! You dont have to act this way. She wants women to stop immediately acting as slaves. Her constant phrase I want a wife to rattles up emotions of readers, which in turn, might encourage people to take action. The reason she wants people to read it is because she wants people to understand that the roles of women is demoralizing to them. Brady classifies what a wife is through husbands eyes. Brady connects wit and sarcasm, effective use of language, and rhetoric to make a very strong piece of influential writing with the purpose to show how men see their wives. This piece of rhetoric ultimately implies the husbands selfishness and laziness, and his want to be left free. This article was made to make the audience to think and ponder. Brady effectively uses the Greek umbrella term, Rhetoric, which is clearly organized and very well thought out. Rhetoric means the art of using language to communicate effectively and images to affect an audience. Brady uses Rhetoric throughout her essay involving three audience appeals: Ethos, Pathos and Logos. Ethos: She establishes her credibility in the first couple of paragraphs of her argument. I belong to that classification of people known as wives. I am A Wife, not altogether incidentally, I am a mother. Not only does her being a wife make her creditable, she also seems to have a lot of knowledge and this gives the audience to know that she really knows something about her subject. And all that knowledge of what the wife roles are does not come from anywhere. She must have experienced it herself to know what the roles of women are. She lists numerous jobs that are expected of a wife and her language sounds that of a fed up and annoyed wife. In addition, her article was printed in the spring 1972 issue of Ms. Magazine which sets her credibility for the article. Moreover, she was an activist for the feminist movement. Pathos: When reading her article, she wants people to take action. She wants people to get angry at the topic. She also wants the men who expect this from women to feel jealous. She does this by first stating who she is. I belong to that classification of people known as wives. She addresses the stresses of everyday life and exaggerated expectations of a man from their wives. Then she goes on by listing the jobs required by women. After couple pages of jobs she says, My God, who wouldnt want a wife? This conclusion is very emotional towards the argument and it makes the readers to conclude that, This is wrong! Brady says that to discourage men who think the practice of treating women as inferior human beings. Brady also appeals to readers who are clueless or curious. Many women do not now what things they are doing wrong. By reading this essay, women can evaluate their life and determine if they are expected too much from their husbands. Logos: Judy Brady arguments are clear in her article. One of her arguments is that women are required to do too much. She doesnt say this directly, but says this by listing the role of women. Another argument that she presents is the inequality of men and women. In her article she writes that she is a man that wants to go to school and be supported financially. And there is a female spouse that must take care of the house, kids, appointments, money, and social life. She argues that this must stop and that people are expecting too much from women. Her arguments are very effective. Her credibility attracts readers to her article. And by listing the jobs of women, one by one; she captivates her readers into her arguments. Her simple words are extremely effective in getting out her views.

Nike: a Multinational Company in China

Nike: A Multinational Company in China Nike is one of the largest athletic shoe brands in the world and sells millions of shoes and clothing each year. The company was founded on January 25, 1964 by a University of Oregon track athlete Philip Knight and his coach Bill Bowermanas. It was first named Blue Ribbon Sports and it officially became Nike, Inc. on May 30, 1978 (Nike). As a multinational company, it operates retail stores domestically and overseas and all of the products it sells are manufactured by independent contractors located predominantly in foreign countries.Nike first entered the international market through China overcoming the many challenges it faced while trying to do business with them. Nike has no involvement in the manufacturing of its products and all of its production has been outsourced, mainly to manufacturers based in low-wage countries. In 1980, Nike created its first joint-venture with the People's Republic of China (Nike Inc. ). It entered into the emerg ing economy just after the country rose from the turmoil of the Cultural Revolution.In James Austin’s case study of Nike in China, he described Nike’s entry strategy into China to be very difficult and found the Chinese government almost impenetrable to do business with. To gain entrance into the tough country Nike hired David Ping-Ching Chang, who was originally from China, as a consultant to help arrange a deal between them (Austin 34). Chang had the experience and knew the language and customs that it would take to create a successful agreement. The first thing they set out to do was write a proposal to the Chinese government outlining their objectives and the advantages their joint venture would bring to China.Chang was familiar with how the Chinese performed business transactions and used that as an advantage to get their foot in China’s tightly closed door. The Chinese are relationship-orientated and to them a transaction is not only business. After writin g a very well written proposal translated in Chinese stating how Nike was committed to long-term business with China, they received an invitation to start negotiations. Major problems arose between the two when China demanded for more control, pricing, and rights to each factory (Austin 35).The Chinese felt that Nike was trying to take advantage of them when Nike would not allow them such control. The Chinese became was very close to ending any negotiations they had agreed upon but luckily settled on an agreement. Nike’s primary objective was to â€Å"establish the means by which they would buy a finished shoe product from the People's Republic of China,† as written in their submitted business proposal (Austin 29). Some of Nike’s other aims Austin describes in his case study were a target goal of 100,000 pair of shoes per month in the first phase and growth to 1,000,000 pair per month.Five months after their initial offer, a contract was signed and shoe producti on began by October 1981. Nike’s joint venture with China promised lower costs because of their cheap labor and high production. However, by 1984 production had only reached about 150,000 pairs per month instead of the 1,000,000 they had previously agreed on. During the 1990’s, another problem Nike faced during its joint-venture in China was the bad working conditions and low wages at their factories.Nike was accused of profiting from sweatshop labor that included child labor, physical abuse from factory managers and exposure to dangerous chemicals. They originally denied claims against them; however, in an article published by AllBusiness online in 2001, Nike director Todd McKean stated that since â€Å"Nike does not own the factories in China, we don’t control what goes on there. † This brought a major uproar in the media and along with it came campaigns of human rights groups who would endorse only companies who use â€Å"sweat-free† labor.Accor ding to Business Week Magazine, when Nike began to see protests from factory workers they decided to finally make a change and monitor working conditions in factories that produce their products. They hired independent auditors to make sure subcontractors used by the company follow Nike’s code of conduct (Hill 152). Although Nike faced many challenges with their joint-venture, China gained some advantages with doing business with Nike. Nike donated equipment to schools and paid them to open up after-school sport teams for children.In 1995, Nike sponsored all the Chinese pro-basketball league teams and provided uniforms and shoes for them. Another benefit China received was the outsourcing of jobs into their country (Sports). Granting, the sweatshops were an enormous mistake that Nike should have never let occur, they have corrected the problem and it has produced over 500,000 jobs in China alone. Nike is now working with the Xiaochen Hotline Program in China to provide traini ng on their labor laws and to improve worker’s accessibility to the hotline (Dutton).Nike is a good example of a multinational company that faced major challenges entering the emerging economy of China in 1980. Nike was confronted with problems while negotiating business with China and also during the actual manufacturing in their facilities. Even with such problems there came advantages to both countries; China acquired many jobs and Nike experienced lower costs that lead to higher sales. Nike and China have turned out to be a successful joint-venture and should continue to advance if both take into consideration each other’s needs.

Business Model of Amazon

Opening of the internet to commercial activity, the creation of naming conventions for URLs and the development of a user friendly and free interface i. e. the browser were the three major developments that led to the advent of what is known as â€Å"e-business†. As the economy has moved from agrarian to industrial to information age, the focus of the businessmen or the wealthy and powerful has also shifted in terms of the ways of obtaining wealth or doing business. In the agrarian age there was shortage of land which made ownership of land as the determinant of value.Powerful land barons typically accumulated vast tracts of land and coerced people who were bound to the land and owned by the feudal lord into living on and working it. As economy moved from agrarian to industrial age, physical assets owned by a firm became the determinants of value and shortage of raw-materials led the powerful industrialists to conspire to control the supply of raw materials. In this age, the m arket could absorb as much product as the industrialists could produce.The current era in which we live has been defined as the information age wherein relationships and intellectual capital are more important than anything else. One is not worried about physical assets anymore. Companies don’t compete with each other over superior products as they are largely commoditized rather compete increasingly on the basis of value added customer services. The economic battles of today are fought over the mind-space of consumers. In the information age power-play customers are not passive participants, in the way that land and raw materials were in the agrarian and industrial ages.In fact, according to Zang Hailing, it is the customers' time that is in short supply, and therefore for any firm to succeed, emphasis needs to be given to the importance of reducing the customers' time to adopt a new product. Thus, in a world where technology is changing every day and the transformation of c onsumers has happened from â€Å"Price Takers† to â€Å"Price Makers† as they are armed with more options and information; the companies that control more and more customer relationships will be the ones that hold the power in an industry and reap the lion's share of the profits.E-commerce or e-business is an important tool that enables companies to reach out to the global market at low cost and provides abundant information about the consumers’ requirements and preferences easily which was not so easy earlier. Following figure is a glimpse of the promising future that the ecommerce industry holds. The US E-commerce has seen a 40% increase in the sales over the past 5 years as a percentage of the total retail sales in US. Source: http://ycharts. com Now when thinks about e-commerce, the first name that comes to everyone’s mind is that of Amazon. com.Not only most of the people have heard about it but there are many people who have actually used its servic es. Amazon was not only one of the few of the companies that thrived throughout the period in which many dot-com companies struggled to survive but has been constantly performing exceptionally well in terms of revenue per visitor which is one of the key parameters for any commercial website. Amazon has had one of the fastest growths in the internet’s history with revenues reaching $2, 8 billion in the first five years with Google’s revenue reaching only $15bn in the first five years.Now, just like any other traditional business in order to clearly understand an e-business one needs to have information on the following components: a) Business Strategy which determines the products and service offerings by the firm, the firms targeted customers and the firms value proposition. It also helps firms decide on the choices and the tradeoffs that the firm needs to make. b) Organizational form or structure c) Business processes which refer to the unique ways in which organizati ons coordinate and organize work activities, information, and knowledge to produce a product or service. ) Value Chain i. e. the sequence of activities that a firm undertakes to create value, including the various steps of the supply chain but also additional activities, such as marketing, sales, and service. e) Core Competencies which are the collective learning’s of the firms and being distinctive create long term competitive advantage for the firm. From the beginning, the focus of Amazon. com has been on offering their customers compelling value. In the current report filing dated 04/13/12, Jeffrey Bezos, the founder and CEO of Amazon. om writes â€Å"We realized that the Web was, and still is, the World Wide Wait. Therefore, we set out to offer customers something they simply could not get any other way, and began serving them with books. We brought them much more selection than was possible in a physical store (our store would now occupy 6 football fields), and presente d it in a useful, easy-to-search, and easy-to-browse format in a store open 365 days a year, 24 hours a day. † The Value Proposition offered by Amazon. com is â€Å"earth’s largest selection—24/7, at competitive price. † Amazon. om has continuously focused on improving the shopping experience owing to which they substantially enhanced their stores in 1997. Though they started off with books, they now offer customers gift certificates, 1-ClickSM shopping, and vastly more reviews, content, browsing options, and recommendation features. The company’s stated goal was to â€Å"be Earth’s most customer centric company for three primary customer sets: consumers, sellers and developers. † It targeted its first set of customers through its initial retail model where it sold only books.It offered the perfect combination of low prices, large selection and convenience or customer experience. The digital media allowed limitless inventory, boosted c ustomer care and allowed higher margins and hence lowest prices. In 15 years Amazon went from 1 category to 16 main categories of books. Amazon began with books and needed to grow big fast. From 1995-1998, Amazon moved from books to music and again through the same combination moved to become the biggest seller of music in just 120 days! Amazon moved on develop its own digital driven supply chain and distribution network by hiring from the expert: Wal-Mart.Amazon accelerated development through its strategy of â€Å"Build, buy, partner† a) Build: Amazon keeps on creating new categories. For example, Amazon kicked off a new service by the name MyHabit. com in May 2011 that made fashion available to consumers directly from designers and boutique brands. b) Buy: When there is a lot of competition in any area and the competitors have a strong hold, Amazon believes in buying out the incumbent. Few of the acquisitions made by Amazon include Internet Movie Database  (IMDb), Zappos (an online shoe and apparel retailer) etc. ) Partner: Amazon has also entered into a lot of merchant partnerships. It offers its technological service and ecommerce expertise to third- parties. For example in October 2011, Amazon. com announced a partnership with DC Comics for the exclusive digital rights to many popular comics, including Superman, Batman, Green Lantern, The Sandman, and Watchmen. As mentioned before as well, Amazon want to be the â€Å"world’s most customer-centric† company, and so their focus is on the â€Å"Customer Service†. It ensures customer loyalty through three main approaches: a) Recurring usage b) Seamless Integration c) Lock-inThe following table tells us how Amazon uses all above mentioned approaches for its both customers: Sellers and consumers. | Sellers| Consumers| Recurring Usage| a. Developed a customer base close to 615mn users that can’t be ignored by sellers b. Ensures profit through optimized and reliable technology c. Developed a trusted Brand name| a. Created an ecosystem through Kindle b. Stores user’s media library c. Offers personalization to customers d. Gives special offers everyday| Seamless Integration| a. Monitors sellers rating ratings posted by consumers and expels sellers with bad ratings b.Offers Fulfillment by Amazon service(FBA) which allows third party sellers to use Amazon’s large warehouse and distribution network| a. For customers, all the sellers are highly commoditized and invisible. They buy it because of the Amazons brand value b. Get benefitted by Amazon Prime and free super saver shipping| Lock-in| a. By controlling or owning the customer accounts b. High level of infrastructure development required to ensure same level of customer service as offered by Amazon| a. By providing digital content that works only on Kindle b. Amazon Prime Program which requires annual subscription| | c. | c. |Amazon developed a value chain of itself for internal appraisal so as to identify its strengths and weaknesses that would help it add value and maintain a competitive advantage. Amazon uses the value chain model from Michael Porter’s book, â€Å"Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. † The first table represents the Primary activities of Amazon which are needed to produce a product or services for the end customers. Inbound logistics| Operations| Outbound logistics| Marketing ; Sales| Service| Avoids the overhead and large amounts of inventory carrying cost because it orders the books from the distributors. Easy and fast payment systems. Online customer systems and feedback. | Operates a number of transportation hubs that they refer to as injection points. Injection point locations are located in heavily customer concentrated areas. | Customer tracking  is an Amazon stronghold through which it provides personalized customers’ experience| Free return policy within 30 days. Uses marketplace to incr ease channel and range of goods through 3rd parties and customers. Highly reduced returns to suppliers (such as unsold books and media) due to available accurate forecasting technology | Customized buyer experience| Ability to aggregate orders bound for specific locations. | Interactive shipping and parceling price calculations. Free delivery based on single transaction spends. | Price comparison of new products with used products in marketplace shops. | Efficiently gathering information about customer experiences to inform service inputs and inventory controls. | 24 hour warehouse operations to meet customer demands. |   Utilizes the capabilities of its supply chain partners to deliver orders directly to ustomers which bypass the Amazon. com internal distribution center network|   Discounts and price reductions made available with suggested product mixes. Similar products recommended to customers interactively. | Offers customers gift certificates, 1-Click SM shopping, and vast ly more reviews, content, browsing options, and recommendation features. | The next table gives information about the various support activities performed by Amazon which help to facilitate or assist its primary activities. | Value Creation| Cost Reduction| Firm Infrastructure| Huge central customer data warehouse available to all business units. Amazon’s single technology platform with services being incrementally distributed to other worldwide locations, reduces costs by leveraging investments | Human Resource Management| Amazon. com has a great training for its employees resulting in talented, smart and hard working group. Offers employees unique benefits such as medical, paid time off and stock grants and relocation allowances and hence attract highly skilled workers| Amazon utilizes independent contractors and temporary personnel to supplement their workforce, particularly on a seasonal basis.Although Amazon has works councils and statutory employee representation obliga tions in certain countries, Amazon’s employees are not represented by a labor union| Technology Development| High investments in technology development (e. g. , Kindle) to best leverage digital products. Innovations such as personalized recommendations, one-click ordering, and search inside the book are all Amazon. com innovations. Highly customized software applications that support their supply chain business model. For example, Amazon. om is linked into Ingram's systems to see Ingram inventory levels when deciding whether to use Ingram to drop ship an order to a customer | Building an IT strategy, IT infrastructure and Data Centre on Linux open source software thus reducing cost of technology development. Renting computing resources to other companies reduce total cost of ownership Using standard hardware systems from HP to reduce cost of maintenance and compatibility| Procurement| Utilizes a Sales and Operations (S&OP) planning process to determine forecasts for each rodu ct that it stores in its distribution center inventoryUses the strategic business unit – Booksurge to keep a rich inventory of digital copies of books so as to make this readily available for customers through print-on-demand and reduce the time of delivery | Specially built distribution Centers, warehouses and fulfillment Centers to increase the speed of order processing thus avoiding transaction costs of contracting out| In addition to the business strategies the value chain components mentioned above, the success of Amazon. om can be attributed to the entrepreneurial spirit of its founder & chief executive officer Jeff Bezos and the strong inclination of the firm towards bringing about innovation in the business model. Let us discuss both factors one by one. Entrepreneurial Spirit of Jeff Bezos: Jeff Bezos can be regarded as the forward-looking CEO responsible for the success of Amazon. com. He has not only efficiently managed the present but through his long term vision a lways taken steps to create the future. The computer science and electrical engineering graduate from Princeton University moved to Seattle after resigning as a Senior Vice-President at D.E. Shaw, a Wall Street investment bank. At the time Bezos didn’t know much about the Internet but he came across a statistic that the Internet was growing at 2300%, which convinced him that it was a large growth opportunity. Without knowing anything more, he plunged into the world of e-commerce with no prior retailing experience. It was his decision to locate the company in Seattle because it had a large pool of technical talent and since it was close to one of the largest book wholesalers located in Rosenburg, Oregon.Moreover, the sales tax laws for online retailers state that one has to charge sales tax in the state in which one is incorporated. Therefore it was logical to locate in a small state. Under his guidance and logical thinking Amazon. com quickly became the leader in e-commerce. Operating 24 hours a day, the site was user-friendly and encouraged browsers to post their own reviews of books and offering discounts, personalized recommendations, and searches for out-of-print books. In June 1998 it began selling CDs, and later that year it added videos.In 1999 Bezos, looking at the future trends, added auctions to the site and invested in other virtual stores. The success of Amazon. com encouraged other retailers, including major book chains, to establish online stores. As more companies battled for Internet dollars, Bezos saw the need to diversify, and by 2005 Amazon. com offered a vast array of products, including consumer electronics, apparel, and hardware. And with the Jeff Bezos vision to make every book ever in print in any language available to the consumer in 60 seconds, Amazon launched the handheld device called Kindle in 2007.Bezos is the quintessential dot-com icon. He proved to the business world that the Internet was about more than knowledge. He pr oved that it is possible to overcome fears about purchasing online, to drive down transaction costs, and to build an international e-commerce business over the Internet. He had the courage to attempt something that people doubted could be done. . At the age of 35, Jeff Bezos was picked as the 1999 Time person of the year. Describing why it chose Bezos, Time magazine said, â€Å"Bezos’  vision  of the online retailing universe was so complete, his Amazon. om site so elegant and appealing that it became from Day One the point of reference for anyone who had anything to sell online. † Innovation in the Business Model: Amazon survived the dot-com bust because it had a viable and innovative  business model  built around a market-changing customer value proposition and a radical profit formula and over it has been able to sustain its position as the leader in e-commerce by bringing about continuous innovations in its business model. Let us look at some of the differe nt dimensions wherein Amazon. om has been able to bring about business innovation. a) Offerings: By offering a handheld device dedicated to reading, Kindle, Amazon. com revolutionized the books industry. By creating a product like Kindle, the created a perfect, integrated and streamlined customer experience. b) Platform: With Amazon Web Services, Fulfillment By Amazon, and Kindle Direct Publishing, Amazon is creating powerful self-service platforms that allow thousands of people to boldly experiment and accomplish things that would otherwise be impossible or impractical. ) Customers: In 2002 Amazon launched a web services platform and identified a new area of potential growth by finding another new customer—the IT community. Serving this new customer's needs required different processes, different resources, and a different profit formula—in short, another  new business model. d) Customer Experience: 1-Click combined with Gift-Click and Wish List made Amazon. com the most convenient, easiest-to-use shopping destination the holiday season.Wish List allows customers to post the gifts they'd most like to receive from family and friends, while Gift-Click allows customers to send gifts easily by entering just the e-mail addresses of their recipients. e) Value Capture: By opening up its storefront to other retailers that were essentially competitors, Amazon transformed its business from direct sales to a sales-and-service model, aggregating many sellers under one virtual roof and receiving commissions from the other companies' sales. ) Supply Chain: Fulfillment by Amazon service (FBA) by Amazon is a classic example of innovating business model through supply chain. FBA allows third party sellers to use Amazon’s large warehouse and distribution network and in the last quarter of 2011, shipped tens of millions of items on behalf of sellers. When sellers use FBA, their items become eligible for Amazon Prime, for Super Saver Shipping, and for Amaz on returns processing and customer service.From the above discussion of Amazon’s business strategy, value chain analysis and the success factors we can conclude that Amazon has a robust Business model. Amazon’s business model fends off all the four threats. It has the costly-to-imitate financial and technological resources, it has developed protection against holdup by seamlessly vertically integrating its both the customers i. e. the sellers and the consumers. Reduced slack by locking-in the customers and the sellers and fights substitution through innovation in business model.

The Great Depression Shaped Economic Theory, Social Life,...

The Great Depression shaped economic theory, social life, and people’s view of a market economy in general. The capitalist economic system seemed to be on the verge of collapse. Something drastic needed to be done in order to get society out of the depression. In his famous book, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, Keyes attempted to show how economics and the market functioned and he proposed different approaches to creating government policy to guide the economy post war. Keynesian economists proposed that the way to escape the Great Depression was through a combination of two approaches. First to reduce interest rates. Second, the government should begin investing in infrastructure, which injects money into†¦show more content†¦They believed that excessive saving was a problem for the overall economy, and would result in recession or even depression. When people save money it means that people are not spending, and when there’s not enough spending going on, the economy declines. By the end of World War II, many people were afraid that the economy would fall back into a depressive state like the 1930’s. On the contrary, the period between 1945-1973 was one of fast economic growth, leading it to be called the â€Å"Golden Age† of capitalism. The United States, as well as many other countries, was experiencing this rapid growth that lead to a worldwide boom. There were many elements that played a role in sustaining this boom. The first was the vast demand for goods that was created by people having higher wages and desired to buy more things with the money they had. The second was the fact that because of the war new technologies and products emerged. For example the use of the airplane as use for mass travel sustained the boom, by the creation of a whole new tourism industry. Along with these forces behind the Golden Age boom was the enlarged role of the government. The government played a central role in directing the postwar economy. One of the most important efforts was the planning and construction of a national highway system. This boosted interstate commerce and transformed America into the â€Å"car culture† it is today. New Deal policies along with an overall much