Chronic Absenteeism Related to Drop-out Rates

While most educators, students, and parents  think of September as back-to-school month, that same  month recently has been given another important education designation. Attendance Works, a national initiative that is  dedicated to improving the policy, practice and research around school attendance has named September as National Attendance Awareness Month. Student absences are at crisis levels. A September 2016 report Preventing Missed Opportunity: Taking Collective Action to Confront Chronic Absence using data provided by the  U.S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights (OCR) reveals that: the  promise of an equal opportunity to learn is being broken for far too many children... More than 6.5 million students, or about 13 percent, miss three or more weeks of school, which is enough time to erode their achievement and threaten their chance of graduating.  Nine out of 10 U.S. school districts experience some level of chronic absenteeism among students. To counter this problem,  Attendance Works,  a fiscally-sponsored project of the Child and Family Policy Center non-profit organization, is working as a  national and state initiative that  promotes better policy and practice around school attendance. According to the organizations  website, We [Attendance Works]  promote tracking chronic absence data for each student beginning in kindergarten, or ideally earlier, and partnering with families and community agencies to intervene when poor attendance is a problem for students or schools. Attendance is a critically important factor in education, from developing national funding formulas  to predicting graduation outcomes.  Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), which guides federal investments in elementary and secondary education for states, has chronic absenteeism as  reporting element.   At every grade level, in every school district, across the nation,  educators know first hand that too many absences can  disrupt  a students learning and the learning of others. Research on Attendance A student is considered chronically absent if they miss only  two days of school per month  (18 days in a year), whether the absences are excused or unexcused.  Research shows that by  middle and high school, chronic absence is a leading warning sign that a student will drop out. This research from the National Center on Educational Statistics noted that differences  in absentee rates and projections for graduation  were observed as early as kindergarten.  Those students who eventually dropped out of high school had missed significantly more days of school in first grade than their peers who later graduated from high school. Moreover, in a study by E.  Allensworth  and J. Q. Easton, (2005) called  The On-Track Indicator as a Predictor of High School Graduation: In eighth grade, this [attendance]  pattern was even more apparent and, by ninth grade, attendance was shown to be a key indicator significantly correlated with high school graduation (Allenworth/Easton). Their study  found attendance and studying more predictive of dropout than test scores or other student characteristics. In fact, 9th grade attendance was a better predictor of [student] dropout than 8th grade test scores. Steps can be taken at the upper-grade levels, grades 7 through 12, and  Attendance Works offers  several suggestions to counter attitudes that prevent students from attending school. These suggestions include: Incentives/rewards/recognition provided  for good attendance;Personal calls (to home, to students) as reminders;  Adult mentors and after  school leaders trained to reinforce the importance of attendance;Curriculum that features engaging, team-based activities that students do not want to miss;  Ã‚  Academic support provided to students who are struggling;  Efforts to make  school a place of success rather than a negative experience;Engaging community partners, such as health providers and criminal justice agencies. National Assessment for Educational Progress (NAEP) Test Data A state-by-state analysis of NAEP  testing data shows that students who miss more school than their peers score lower on the NAEP tests in grades 4 and 8. These lower scores were found to be consistently true in every racial and ethnic group and in every state and city examined. In many cases,  the students with more absences have skill levels one to two years below their peers. In addition: While students from low-income families are more likely to be chronically absent, the ill effects of missing too much school hold true for all socio-economic groups. Grade 4 test data,  absentee students scored an average 12 points lower on the reading assessment than those with no absences, more than a full grade level on the NAEP achievement scale. Supporting the theory that academic loss is cumulative,  Grade 8  absentee students scored an average 18 points lower on the math assessment.   Mobile Apps Connect  to Parents and Other Stakeholders Communication is one-way educators can work to reduce student absenteeism. There are a growing number of mobile  apps educators can use to connect educators with students and parents. These software platforms share daily classroom activities (example:  Collaborize Classroom, Google Classroom,  Edmodo). Many of these platforms allow parents and authorized stakeholders to see short and long term  assignments and individual student work. Other mobile messaging apps (Remind,  Bloomz,  Classpager,  Class Dojo,  Parent Square)  are great resources  to increase regular communication between a students  home and school.  Ã‚  These messaging platforms can  allow teachers to emphasize  attendance from day one. These mobile apps can be tailored to providing student updates on individual attendance or used to sharing data about the importance of attendance in order to promote  a culture of attendance all year long. Conferences:  Traditional Connections to Parents and Other Stakeholders There are also more traditional methods to share the importance  of regular attendance with all stakeholders. At the beginning of the school year, teachers can leverage the time during a  parent-teacher conference to talk about attendance if there are already signs or a pattern to a student missing school. Mid-year conferences or conference requests can be helpful in making face-to-face connections that   Teachers  can take the opportunity to make suggestions to parents or guardians that  older students need routines for  homework and  sleep. Cell phones, video games, and computers should not be part of a bedtime routine. Too tired to go to school should not be an excuse. Teachers and school administrators  should also  encourage families to  avoid extended vacations during the school year and to try to line up vacations with the school’s schedule of days off or holidays. Finally, teachers and school administrators  should remind parents and guardians of the academic importance of planning doctor and dentist appointments during  after school hours. Announcements regarding a schools attendance policy should be made at the beginning of the school year and repeated regularly throughout the school year.   Newsletters, Flyers, Posters, and Websites The school website should promote daily attendance. Updates on daily school attendance should be displayed on the home pages of every school. The high visibility of this information will help to reinforce the importance of school attendance. Information about the negative impact of absenteeism and the positive role daily attendance has on academic achievement can be placed in newsletters, on posters and circulated on flyers. Placement of these flyers and posters are not limited to the school property. Chronic absenteeism is a community problem, particularly at the upper-grade levels, as well. A coordinated effort to share information about academic damage caused by chronic absenteeism should be shared throughout the local community. Business and political leaders in the community should receive regular updates on how well students are meeting the goal of improving daily attendance. Additional information should feature the  importance of attending  school as a students most important job. Anecdotal information such as the facts listed on this flyer for high school parents or  listed below can be promoted in schools and throughout the community: Missing one or two days a month can add up to nearly 10 percent of the school year.  Students who attend school set up the routines for future employment and showing up for work on time every day.Students who attend school regularly are more likely to graduate and find good jobs. High school  graduates make, on average, a million dollars more than a dropout over a lifetime.School only gets harder when students  stay home.  Too many absent students can affect the whole classroom, creating redundant instruction and slowing down other students. Conclusion Students who miss school, whether the absences are  sporadic or on consecutive days of school, miss academic time in their classrooms that cannot be made up. While some absences are unavoidable, it is critically important to have students in school for learning. Their academic success depends on daily attendance at every grade level.

Wild Fowl Trust Free Essays

Trust stayed around for approximately 2 years, nested and bred in the trust’s environment before flying off eventually with their fledged young. Many injured birds are brought to the trust. They have had some successes, working with vets with this particular expertise and with the wild life orphanage and rehabilitation centre. We will write a custom essay sample on Wild Fowl Trust or any similar topic only for you Order Now The success stories include a Masked/ Blue Booby, Ospreys, a Brown Pelican, a Gray Hawk, Gallinule, Jacana’s, Song Birds, Psittacosis and different Owl species. Fun Facts: Scarlet Ibis birds are born brown in color but get their red color from rotten in crabs. They also eat shrimp and fish. You can tell the difference between a black billed tree duck by color of their beaks. Adults have bright orange beaks. Blue and Gold Macaws have one mate their entire lives and when that mate dies they don’t find another. You can’t tell the difference between male and female Blue and Gold Macaws unless you take blood samples from them and test it. In situ conservation is on site conservation of genetic resources in natural populations of plants or animal species, such as forest genetic in natural populations of tree species. It is the process of protecting an endangered plant or animal species in its natural, either by protecting or cleaning up the habitat itself, or by defending the species from predators. The Wild Fowl Trust is an example of in situ conservation. One benefit of in situ conservation is that it maintains recovering populations in the surrounding where they have developed their distinctive properties. Another is that this strategy helps ensure the on-going processes of evolution and adaptation within their environments. Wetlands play a vital role in the cycling of water on the planet. Water evaporated from the seas or transpired from plants returns as rainfall filling both upland and lowland wetlands. Wetland systems, and their forested counterparts, slowly release their waters either to the atmosphere or to the sea, playing a major role in governing world climate. With the flow of water arrives a steady input of nutrients from the surrounding land – the organic silts and sediments settle and, warmed by the sun, provide ideal conditions for the growth of microscopic plants and animals – the base of aquatic food chains. Fact: A well established marsh is estimated to be up to 50 times more productive than grassland and about 8 times as productive as cultivated land. The Water Hyacinth (Chorine specious) – Pointed-a-Pierre Wildfowl Trust:This important plant is used as a food source at the Trust. Leaves, insects and crustaceans in the roots are eaten by waterfowl. A water purifier, this plant also absorbs large amounts of dangerous pollutants (including mercury and lead) from the water and helps keep any water area clean. Prolific, 10 plants can reproduce to cover an acre of water in 8 months. How to cite Wild Fowl Trust, Papers

Describe a place where you feel completely content free essay sample

Virgos are meant to be earth signs. Ive read it on every quasi astrological website, every monthly horoscope: Im supposed to feel some connection to the dirt beneath my feet. Maybe because Im named after the moon or, maybe because I was raised in a massive city where the celestial bond between me and the earth was interrupted by slabs of concrete, Ive never felt it. Even when surrounded by forests as I am here, I feel at times awkward on my feet, as though gravity doesnt quite pull me towards the same molten center. As a child I tripped over cracks in the side walk and ran into imaginary friends and sometimes into very not imaginary bus stops which left bruises on my forehead and scars on my knees. I was awkward on the ground, stumbling and dragging my feet until my mother would shout at me to pick them up. We will write a custom essay sample on Describe a place where you feel completely content or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But suspended, hanging from the too thin branches of under watered trees in Prospect park, I felt at peace. As though the disconnect between myself and the earthy crust could be solved by only a little distance. The freedom that I felt as my legs dangled over branches or monkey bars or occasionally the lights of a crosswalk was unparalleled. Wind flittered between the curls on my head and passed over my swinging ankles, materializing itself like a blanket on my tiny limbs. As a young girl I fell in love with heights, and from this vantage point I fell in love with the world. Heights, the spaces between gravity and flight have offered me peace, understanding and a point for observation from the time I first climbed a tree. This place of peace has developed and changed shapes throughout my life. As a young child it was the skinny trunks and low branches of the trees lining Henry street, in elementary school it was the monkey bar my mother suspended from from the rafters in our living room, on which I would perch myself and watch the day progress, memorizing the smell of arroz con pollo from the kitchen and watching my mothers face in her moments of rest. In high school I found peace in the form of the catwalk, an intricate maze of iron hanging above the school theater. From the catwalk, hidden in the dust and the darkness, I feel the eternal weight of the world melt from my shoulders, as though my troubles were afraid of heights and simply could not follow me up the narrow winding staircase or dangle their legs thirty feet above the ground. From up there I can observe, unweighted by arbitrary worries or thoughts, listen to the gossip just outside and dissect the vocal patterns and intonation of the speaker. I watch people passing beneath me, squirming in their seats or braiding each others hair, I watch for the subtle furrow of the brow or gnawing of the nail: I sit high up and search for detail that is ignored down below, perhaps swallowed up by the earth and i ts worldly tastes. Here, in the catwalk, in the trees, on a plane, I find comfort. I find myself to be most true in this space in between the earth and the heavens, in between observing and participating, being just enough to be and to see all at once. From heights I find the world in unbiased, unperturbed beauty.

Gathering Of Old Men Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Gathering Of Old Men Essay, Research Paper In A Gathering of Old Men, by Ernest J. Gaines, racism plays a immense portion of life in the South. When a white adult male is found dead ; his household and friends start to garner to happen the adult male who did this. After clip these work forces start to imbibe and do a program to kill the adult male ; who merely happened to be black. This merely shows how even though the Civil was brought freedom to inkinesss, there is still hate towards them because of their tegument colour. After clip the black work forces besides start to garner at Mathu? s house ( the adult male who murdered the white adult male ) and they all bring twelve gauge scattergun. The sheriff arrives and asks who killed that adult male, and all the black work forces say, ? it was me. ? The sheriff so threatens to take them all to prison, but he can non because he does non cognize who the slaying is. We will write a custom essay sample on Gathering Of Old Men Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The sheriff cognizing the racism of the town ; has a deputy base on Mathus pavement to do certain nil happens. As clip goes by and the white work forces are get downing to acquire angry the adult male who? s boy was killed stairss in and says? this can non travel on any longer. ? This shows how afte R clip colour or race does non count to people, and how after clip a adult male is a adult male and a adult female is a adult female. This upsets the remainder of the work forces even more because this shows them how they are non superior to the black work forces any longer. As clip goes on the sheriff is get downing to worry even more ; because he knows the work forces have been imbibing overly. When dark falls the sheriff and his work forces go place, praying that nil will go on. By this clip the white work forces are really intoxicated and want retaliation. To the white work forces? s surprise when they arrive to Mathu? s house they are out numbered at least two to one. The white work forces realize that they are traveling to free one time once more. When the white work forces start to hit this shows how infantile people are when they are non on top of the universe. The white work forces all dice and prevarication dead in the street when the sheriff arrives the following forenoon. Even though six work forces were killed the sheriff does non make anything because he knows the whit work forces were the cause. When the colour of a individual? s tegument or their faith means adequate to people to kill them, it is infantile and this should be put to a halt.

womens suffrage movement in the 1920s

womens suffrage movement in the 1920s HistoryIn 1920, after 72 years of struggle, American women received the right to vote. After the 19th Amendment passed, reformers talked about female voters uniting to clean up politics, improve society, and end discrimination.At first, male politicians moved aggressively to court the women's vote, passing legislation guaranteeing women's right to serve on juries and hold public office. Congress also passed legislation to set up a national system of women's and infant's health care clinics as well as a constitutional amendment prohibiting child labor, a measure supported by many women's groups.But the early momentum quickly dissipated, as the women's movement divided within and faced growing hostility from without. The major issue that split feminists during the 1920s was a proposed Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution outlawing discrimination based on sex. The issue pitted the interests of women professional against those of working class women, many of whom feared that the am endment would prohibit "protective legislation" that stipulated minimum wages and maximum hours for female workers.English: Postage stamp featuring Elizabeth Stanton...The women's movement also faced mounting external opposition. During the Red Scare following World War I, the War Department issued the "Spider Web" chart, which linked feminist groups to foreign radicalism. Many feminist goals went down to defeat in the mid-1920s. Opposition from many southern states and the Catholic Church defeated the proposed constitutional amendment outlawing child labor. The Supreme Court struck down a minimum wage law for women workers, while Congress failed to fund the system of health care clinics.Women did not win new opportunities in the workplace. Although the American work force included eight million women in 1920, more than half were black or foreign-born. Domestic service remained the largest occupation, followed by secretaries, typists, and clerksall low-paying jobs. The American Fede ration of Labor (AFL) remained openly hostile to...

International Finance (Compare between the current rate and The Essay

International Finance (Compare between the current rate and The temporal method) - Essay Example Thus, the use of the current rate method and the temporal method of foreign exchange come into play. This paper looks at the each of the two methods and compares them. The current rate method involves the conversion of foreign currencies, Items on balance sheets and income statements at the exchange rate that is current (Investopedia, 2009), hence the name. On the other hand, the temporal method converts the same based on time (Investopedia, 2009). That is to say, if an item is valued at the market cost then the current market rate is used and if it is valued at historical cost then the historical rate is used to translate the value of said item. Of these two methods, the current rate method is the more popular. This is because unlike the temporal method, which is constantly changing, this method is more static and has only one variable, which is the current exchange rate. Also rather than recording profits and losses associated with the conversion in the net income, it is recorded and presented in a reverse account. This creates simplicity in the interpretation of the earnings. The temporal method combines the two, losses/profits, and net income thus causing the volatility of the earnings expected From the above, there is a clear advantage in the use of the current rate method as it provides more accurate and static results trough separation of net income from the losses and profits compared to the temporal method, which consolidates losses/profits with the net income. Also current rate method depends only on the current exchange rate while the temporal method relays on the current or historical market depending on the nature of the value of the

Utilitarian Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Utilitarian - Case Study Example In utilitarianism, ethical behavior implies acting in the interests of the larger group, even if one must sacrifice one’s own interests to do so, just as Posner did in the film. The welfare of the group matters not the individual. According to Mill, higher pleasures are logical or intellectual while lower pleasures are concerned with the physical needs. The role of pleasure is to provide happiness. Showing compassion for the society helps an individual care for the community in which he or she lives. Compassion is very significant to an individual in that it makes them realize the meaning and purpose of life, which is to be happy. This is because since every person wants to be happy, they will do anything to avoid misery and suffering. Virtues are important because they help human beings to derive pleasure in their actions, have uniformity in the way they act, and act promptly which in turn will result to peaceful co-existence, thus everybody will be happy about the life they live. Posner is following the principle of act utilitarianism in that he desires to die so that he does not cause financial constrain to his family. John Stuart Mill would support this principle because it aims to produce the greatest happiness for the greatest